Student Mgmt System -1 - Backend Development with FastAPI

In this project, you will build a complete Student CRUD API using FastAPI and a local Python dictionary. We will not use a database in this project.

Project Setup

In this project, you will create a FastAPI application using uv for package management and a virtual environment for dependency isolation.

Step 1: Create the Project Folder

Create a new project folder.

mkdir student-api
cd student-api

Step 2: Create a Virtual Environment

Create a virtual environment using uv.

uv venv

This creates a virtual environment in the .venv folder.

Step 3: Activate the Virtual Environment

Windows (Command Prompt)

.venv\Scripts\activate

Windows (PowerShell)

.venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1

macOS / Linux

source .venv/bin/activate

After activation, your terminal prompt should display (.venv).

Step 4: Install the Required Packages

uv add fastapi uvicorn

This command:

Installs FastAPI and Uvicorn
Creates pyproject.toml
Creates uv.lock

Step 5: Create the Project Structure

student-api/
│
├── .venv/
├── main.py
├── pyproject.toml
└── uv.lock

Step 6: Create the Application File

Create a file named main.py.

Step 7: Run the Application

uv run uvicorn main:app --reload

The --reload option automatically restarts the server whenever you save changes.

Step 8: Open the Application

Home: http://127.0.0.1:8000 Swagger UI: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs

Build the Student CRUD API

Step 1: Create the FastAPI Application

Create main.py and initialize the FastAPI application.

Show Code

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/")
def home():
    return {"message": "Welcome to Student API"}

Run the application and verify the home page.

Step 2: Create the Student Model

Show Code

from pydantic import BaseModel

class Student(BaseModel):
    name: str
    age: int
    course: str

Step 3: Create a Local Data Store

Show Code

students = {
    1: {
        "name": "Rahul",
        "age": 20,
        "course": "CSE"
    },
    2: {
        "name": "Sneha",
        "age": 21,
        "course": "ECE"
    }
}

Step 4: Build the Create Student API

Endpoint: POST /students Sample Request

{
  "name": "John",
  "age": 22,
  "course": "IT"
}

Show Code

@app.post("/students")
def create_student(student: Student):
    student_id = max(students.keys()) + 1
    students[student_id] = student.model_dump()
    return {
        "id": student_id,
        "student": students[student_id]
    }

Test the endpoint from Swagger UI.

Step 5: Build the Get All Students API

Endpoint: GET /students

Show Code

@app.get("/students")
def get_students():
    return students

Step 6: Build the Get Student by ID API

Endpoint: GET /students/{student_id} Example: GET /students/1

Show Code

from fastapi import HTTPException

@app.get("/students/{student_id}")
def get_student(student_id: int):
    if student_id not in students:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Student not found")
    return students[student_id]

Step 7: Build the Update Student API

Endpoint: PUT /students/{student_id} Sample Request

{
  "name": "John",
  "age": 23,
  "course": "AI & DS"
}

Show Code

@app.put("/students/{student_id}")
def update_student(student_id: int, student: Student):
    if student_id not in students:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Student not found")

    students[student_id] = student.model_dump()

    return {
        "message": "Student updated",
        "student": students[student_id]
    }

Step 8: Build the Delete Student API

Endpoint: DELETE /students/{student_id}

Show Code

@app.delete("/students/{student_id}")
def delete_student(student_id: int):
    if student_id not in students:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Student not found")

    deleted_student = students.pop(student_id)

    return {
        "message": "Student deleted",
        "student": deleted_student
    }

Step 9: Test the Complete CRUD Flow

Open Swagger UI: http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs Execute the APIs in this order:

GET /students
POST /students
GET /students
GET /students/{student_id}
PUT /students/{student_id}
GET /students/{student_id}
DELETE /students/{student_id}

Observe how the dictionary changes after every operation.

​Project Setup

​Step 1: Create the Project Folder

​Step 2: Create a Virtual Environment

​Step 3: Activate the Virtual Environment

​Step 4: Install the Required Packages

​Step 5: Create the Project Structure

​Step 6: Create the Application File

​Step 7: Run the Application

​Step 8: Open the Application

​Build the Student CRUD API

​Step 1: Create the FastAPI Application

​Step 2: Create the Student Model

​Step 3: Create a Local Data Store

​Step 4: Build the Create Student API

​Step 5: Build the Get All Students API

​Step 6: Build the Get Student by ID API

​Step 7: Build the Update Student API

​Step 8: Build the Delete Student API

​Step 9: Test the Complete CRUD Flow

Project Setup

Step 1: Create the Project Folder

Step 2: Create a Virtual Environment

Step 3: Activate the Virtual Environment

Step 4: Install the Required Packages

Step 5: Create the Project Structure

Step 6: Create the Application File

Step 7: Run the Application

Step 8: Open the Application

Build the Student CRUD API

Step 1: Create the FastAPI Application

Step 2: Create the Student Model

Step 3: Create a Local Data Store

Step 4: Build the Create Student API

Step 5: Build the Get All Students API

Step 6: Build the Get Student by ID API

Step 7: Build the Update Student API

Step 8: Build the Delete Student API

Step 9: Test the Complete CRUD Flow